Case Study - Kfc China Strategies - 1303 Words

Case Study 1 Introduction Since KFC opened the first outlet in Beijing in 1987, the fast-food giant has occupied its dominant position in China(Bell and Shelman 2011). As KFC expands rapidly in China, it formulates specific strategy aiming to Chinese customers and accomplishes unprecedented success. Among all the strategies, the localization strategy and the different operation management contribute significantly. While analyzing such strategies, benefits and weakness both emerge and some questions need to be resolved. What is the best business strategy to ensure long term success for KFC in China? What are three key challenges to its localization strategy that KFC China might face in the future? I would give analysis to the strategies†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ The First Challenge The first challenge comes from the dilemma between additional costs and the benefit generated from the adjustment for regional differences. As mentioned before, further localization is a feasible solution to ensure long-term success. Nevertheless, it demands not only fund but also human resources. New products have to be developed, resulting in the accompanying new advertisement. Employees have to learn the new cooking method and use the localized recipe. Additional costs then arise and managers have to do trade-off between the costs and the benefits. †¢ The Second Challenge The second challenge comes from labor force. The exhausted demographic dividend will trigger a shortage of 140 million workers in China in the near future(Evans-Pritchart 2013). As the supply of labor shrinks, the equilibrium condition will alter. Thus, KFC has to increase the real wage to recruit enough employees. As the KFC SWOT ANALYSIS 2013(2013) suggests, high employee turnover also raises the risk of unexpected costs, for the work in KFC is low paid and doesn’t require specific technical skills. †¢ The Third Challenge The third challenge is the contradiction between healthy diet and fast-food. These years, Chinese are aware of the importance of a balanced diet(Atsmon, Y., Magni, M., Li, L. and Liao, W. 2012). The entrenched stereotype that fast-food is deemed as junk food has jeopardized the reputation of KFC.Show MoreRelatedKFC China and its Marketing1525 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Case Study 2 Introduction KFC China is a quick service restaurant that’s has dominated the local fast-food market. Marketing has significantly contributed to its success. This report covers KFC-China’s current localized marketing strategy consisting of product, promotion price and placement strategies. It will also discuss the potential issues that may affect business operations in the near future, these include; increasing costs, emerging seniors market, economic slowdown and supplier issuesRead MoreKey Success of Kfc842 Words   |  4 Pages____________________________________________________________ _________ Case: KFC in China In China, Yum! Brands is opening a KFC store every day. But this is not the KFC you know in America. A recent case study written by professor David Bell and Agribusiness Program director Mary Shelman reveals how the chicken giant adapted its famous fast-food formula for the local market. Key concepts include: †¢ In China, KFCs strategy was to be part of the local community, not be seen as a foreign presence. †¢ China division chairman and CEO SamRead MoreAn Analysis Of Kfc s International Expansion Opportunities Essay1147 Words   |  5 Pages An Analysis Of KFC’s International Expansion Opportunities A Case Study of Ivey School Of Business Analysis By Carson McLaren December 5, 2016 BBB4M-1 Mr James Table of Contents Title Page 2. Table of Contents 3. Problem (Issues) Statement 4. Case Analysis 5. Analysis of Alternatives 6. Recommendations 7. Annotated Case Study Problem Identification Key Decisions Is International expansion the most effective way toRead MoreKfc Term Paper765 Words   |  4 PagesTHE GROWTH OF KFC IN CHINA Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) has achieved another milestone in delivery, the explosive growth in Asian region most particularly in their current trends in China that KFC fried chicken, burger and fries is gaining its way to superstardom. Currently their food store has been enjoying its popularity and outperforming their competition because of this one particular brand the â€Å"Yum Brand† KFC has taken advantage of the Chinese in their preferences and hunger to suitRead MoreKfc Peta Case1229 Words   |  5 PagesBlack: from case Blue: from other sources Case summary A year after closing the McDonald’s campaign, PETA started to target KFC (part of YUM brands) since KFC was behind its competition in protecting animal welfare. KFC made initial efforts to comply without providing specifics of how compliance is achieved, but it was not enough for PETA to give up its commitment towards animal welfare at KFC. Eventually, PETA launched a campaign called Kentucky Fried Cruelty. Study Questions for â€Å"PETA sRead MoreBusiness Strategy at Kentucky Fried Chicken1228 Words   |  5 PagesKFC – Kentucky Fried Chicken: - It is one of the largest fast food company and the largest competitor among fast food firms. It is even largest in term of profit, market share, and revenue and customer satisfaction to its best. Subway -: The SUBWAY ® chain is the world’s largest submarine sandwich franchise, with more than 31,000 locations in 91 countries. The chain now has more than 1,400 stores in the UK and Ireland serving just under a million customers in the UK and Ireland every year. The SUBWAY ®Read MoreDifference Between Kfc and Mcdonalds Dratt4817 Words   |  20 Pagesaccepted by all, and gradually integrated into people’s lives in China. The rise of the fast food industry and the rapid development of the Chinese economy is also a very compelling new phenomenon. KFC and McDonald’s fast food companies, the two well-known fast food companies in Chinese market, which was play an important role in Chinese Fast Food market. They attract customers through its good quality and excellent service in China. According to Mcknese consulting report( 2013), current McDonaldsRead MoreTell Me What You Eat, and I’ll Tell You Who You Are1279 Words   |  6 Pageslater eaten by humans and animals. This being said, we can take the example of the Far East, China, and Japan. In that part of the world, rice is the central ingredient in almost everything agricultural. This old and historical tradition has not faded over time. Figures by the UNCTAD, Secretariat from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations show that consumption of rice in China has gone from 50 million metric ton in 1961 to 160 millio ns metric ton in 2002. Same increasingRead MoreThe Contrast Between Mcdonald and Kfc in China6107 Words   |  25 Pagesreport is primarily written for a comparison of the development of different market situations between KFC and McDonalds in China, because of KFC and McDonalds are extremely popular in mainland China, almost everyone knows these particular brands. The development of two food companies are apparently perfect, they really have their own problems, so I write this report in order to analyse and study the two Western-style fast food issues. Then finally try to use some marketing principles and referenceRead MoreA Kfc Casestudy3919 Words   |  16 PagesKFC Case Study Introduction If one international brand must be selected as the most favourite one for Chinese consumers, it would be Kentucky Fried Chicken, or KFC as it is known more commonly. According to questionnaire survey conducted by the globally-renowned marketing researching company AC Nielsen in 30 China cities in 1999, KFC was accepted by Chinese consumers as â€Å"the most popular brand† and ranked as the No.1 among top ten international brands in China. With the increasing abundance

In General, The Word Miseducation Means To Educate...

In general, the word miseducation means to educate improperly. There are likely several ways I have been miseducated, some of which I may not even be aware of yet. I have long understood that education can happen outside a classroom. In fact many valuable life lessons were learned just going about day to day activities. Some of the best learnings have come from raising a child, experiencing and enduring tragedy and of course family has provided positive and negative lessons. When I think about miseducation I instantly go to my experiences within the education system. It is ironic to think that the education system may have educated me improperly. I have two university experiences, one past and one present, that provide clarification. My†¦show more content†¦Not exactly the professional I had aimed to become. I worked a position that did not require a degree. I was fortunate on my second application and did go onto become a Registered Dietitian. Those that were unsuccessful at securing an internship never became Dietitians. Some went back to university and some to general jobs in society. This program has since been significantly revised. Today, the internship is integrated into the program. If you are accepted into the program you will still graduate with a Bachelor of Science in Dietetics and immediately be eligible to register as a Dietitian. No one is miseducated of the outcome when applying to the program today. My second university experience is occurring at present. I have enrolled in the twelve month Bachelor of Education program to become an elementary teacher. I hope to graduate with a Bachelor of Arts much to my family’s surprise. From day one we have been educated on the pitfalls of the current education system. We have been guided to examine the system, the purpose of school and the hidden curriculum with a critical eye. We have been encouraged to promote democratic and enacted learning, to take brain breaks and we have been taught that the brain is incapable of learning when it is in a stressed state. We have seen wonderful examples of teachers modeling enacted learning and by no means do I mean my comments to be disrespectful of any instructor.

College Is a Waste of Time and Money Free Essays

In her article â€Å"College Is a Waste of Time and Money†, Caroline Bird attempts to pursued her readers that colleges are overflowing with students who don†t belong there. Her article first appeared in Psychology Today (May 1975). Since this material is outdated, I find it hard to believe that most of the responses by students and parents quoted in the article still hold true. We will write a custom essay sample on College Is a Waste of Time and Money or any similar topic only for you Order Now The author has set out to pursue the readers that college is a bad and unnecessary choice for today†s youth. Yet the author holds a bachelors and a masters degree from two different universities. I would think that if she thought college was really a bad choice and a waste of time and money, she would not have gone back to get her masters degree. I am a college student myself and there were only two things in the whole article that I was in agreement with. One was that colleges try to market themselves. The other was her paragraph on how Americans are looking less and less for great paying jobs and are looking more for job that they like doing. This unfortunately is also a contradiction to her piece of writing, because college prepares, and helps you get a job that you will enjoy. Furthermore, the author†s main ideas were not well thought out or well supported. An example of this might be her money investment idea. She implies that if an eighteen year old invested his/hers college tuition money in a bank, and kept it there till he/she was sixty-four, they would be twice as rich as those who go to school, graduate and work in their field of study. What she fails to mention is that while their money is gathering interest, it can not be touched till their sixty-four, and in the mean time they have to be making a living in another job which they probably hate doing. Overall, Bird†s attempt to pursue her readers that college is a waste of time did not work on me. Students are in colleges because they are told to, or because they still want to be financially depend on their parents and not have to worry about growing up to face the real world. The author in her article writes such ideas. Furthermore, since colleges became a big industry in the 60†³s, and now the number of people attending has fallen, colleges use marketing skills to bring more students in. They try to make college sound as easy as possible to make more people register. Students, once in college are not happy and drop out, or just hang out and finish just because they think it is the right thing to do. The author feels that students are sad because they are unwanted young adults. Since the world is overpopulated, we stick the eighteen-year-olds in colleges to temporarily get rid of them. We also fool ourselves into believing that these actions are good for them. Most of these unwanted young adults eventually learn to like it, and those that don†t drop out. The conservative Carneigie Commission estimated that five to thirty percent of students are in College reluctantly. Also buy giving figures of some surveys that students took, the author states that students think education is less and less important. Parents believe their kids are too young and immature to make a decision by them selves, therefore they pressure their kids into attending college believing it is the best thing for them. The author does not agree with these actions and thinks that students should decide for themselves whether or not they want to continue their education. If students feel that college is not for them, they should not stay there just because somebody expects them to. Furthermore, she states that if everyone got a higher education everybody would be on the same intellectual level, and there would be no difference in people. Some say that college is the greatest investment one can make. The author argues this point by giving examples of investments that greatly outweigh the average income of a graduate. If for example a student were to take his money for a four-year college, and put it in a savings account, by the age of sixty-four he would have twice as much money then if he were to graduate and earn a living with the help of his degree. Another example, which she gives, is based on a supposed Princeton student who liked fixing cars. The student could have put his college money in a bank, and go work for a mechanics shop. And as he was learning all the necessary skills, the money would be gathering interest. In ten years, he would have enough to buy out his boss, and start his own business. Afterwards she states that, although all these scenarios look good on paper, it is hard to put a dollar value on education. Next, the author talks about status, and that this is what attracts some to colleges. Most students that graduate do not necessarily make more money than those without a degree. She states that most people do not go to college for the money but for a career and a job which they will like doing. She gives an example of a guy named Jerry Darring, who quit his well paying family operated job to go back to college and get a degree which will help to prepare him for a less paying job which he will like to do. Most college students, when talking about getting a good job after they graduate, mean a job that will be pleasant for them. This sort of phenomenon is called â€Å"psychic income. † Most jobs, which these graduates will want to be employed in, are scares though. The amount of students in law school studying to be layers is twice as much as is needed. On top of that, graduates might not even work in the same field as they were studying for. Teachers, Engineers, and others were interviewed by the author, and said that they rarely use the stuff that they learned in college. Some also reported that they perform jobs that bear very little to none resemblance of a job which they were preparing for in school. The key that opens a door full of jobs is what a college diploma used to be. Now that attendance in colleges has doubled, a diploma can not even guarantee a job. The author then goes on to identify false statements about college effects on people. She states that colleges do not make people â€Å"intelligent, ambitious, happy, or liberal. It is the other way around. Intelligent, ambitious, happy, or liberal people are attracted to higher education in the first place (49). † Next she talks about learning experience that change a student while he is in college. That these experiences are not though by the college, but through jobs, friends, and time. While concluding her article, Caroline Bird says † We ought to make it possible for these reluctant, unhappy students to find alternative ways of growing up, and more realistic preparation for the years ahead (49). † In the whole article I have found only two specific points that I am able to agree with. One example is the author†s description of colleges trying to market their education. When I was a senior in my high school, a lot of colleges came to recruit us. While talking to some selected recruiters, and asking them why I should pick their college to go to, they were giving me reasons which had nothing to do with getting a good education. A great football team, a huge recreation centers, and stores on campus, were some of the reason I had heard. The other point that I agree with is that Americans put more priority on jobs they like doing than the jobs income. Unfortunately there are far more things I do not agree with in Caroline Bird†s article. First of all, how can she write an article stating that college is a waste of time and money, if she herself is a graduate? Not only that, she graduated with a masters degree. I would understand if she only had a bachelors, her argument could have been that as long as she started college, she should at least get her bachelors. But if college is such a waste of time and money why would she go on to get her masters degree. Furthermore, some points which she uses in her argument are not enough to pursued me. One example would be when she says â€Å"we fool ourselves into believing that we are sending them there for their own best interest. â€Å"(42) In my opinion this is true, true in the case that parents want a better and easier way of life for their kids. My parents send me to college so that I could make more money doing an easier job than they have to do, because they lack a college diploma. She feels that eighteen-year-olds should make their own choice whether to go to college or not. I think that when a person is eighteen, they are too young to make their own decisions. I know this from my own experience. If I had a freedom of choice when I was eighteen, I would not be writing this critique, because I would not be in college. But now that I have grown up and did some thinking I want to stay and get my degree. I feel that kids should at least try college, learn and see a couple of things and then decide whether they should stay or go. Generally, parents without a college education are the ones who put the most emphasis on their kids going to college and making something of themselves, in order to have a better life then they had. The author then goes on to challenge her own ideas by saying that college does prepare you for a job that you actually might like doing, and that is what most Americans want. So then would not college be a good choice for most Americans? How to cite College Is a Waste of Time and Money, Papers

Truman Capote Essay Example

Truman Capote Essay Capotes biographer, Gerald Clarke, has suggested that In Perry [Smith] [Truman] recognised his shadow, his dark side, the embodiment of his own accumulated angers and hurts. Given Capotes strong sense of identification with his primary subject, discuss the extent to which the character of Perry Smith can be seen as sympathetically portrayed in Capotes novel. Evaluate the appropriateness of any such depiction given Smiths status as a multiple killer. Smith, an aggressive and somewhat mentally perturbed individual, much like his father, had been incarcerated in 1956 for jailbreak, car theft and grand larceny, in the state of Kansas, and was sentenced to a minimum of five to ten years. In the state penitentiary was where he first met Richard Hickock. In prison together they schemed to raid Herbert Clutters household for a safe which Hickock had been informed by Floyd Wells (another Kansas State Penitentiary inmate) contained a large sum of money believed to be no less than ten thousand dollars. Wells, who had worked for Clutter, had been adamant that the farmer kept a substantial measure of money in his southwestern Kansas farm home. We will write a custom essay sample on Truman Capote specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Truman Capote specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Truman Capote specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When Smith became eligible for parole in 1959 he visited his father in Reno, Nevada, and planned to go with Tex, his father, away to Alaska. However once again like many times before the two fell out and Smith left. He spent four weeks in Las Vegas until getting in contact with Hickock once again upon his release and duly left for Kansas City on November eleventh in order to map out exactly what needed to be done in the robbery. Throughout the course of the novel despite being a Cold Blooded murderer Truman Capotes portrayal of Smith is a perhaps strangely sympathetic one and often refers to him as having had very little opportunities in life and everything that could have gone wrong for him quite simply always does. Some critics of the book speculated that Capote, a publicly announced homosexual and a creation of a very distressing childhood, identified somewhat with Smiths traumatizing and mentally challenging childhood and grew close to him through a mutual understanding the two shared through this. Certainly there is evidence to suggest that in the five years Smith was on death row Capote and him grew close in a somewhat estranged relationship. George Plimpton, an author and editor, in Truman Capote, quoted Harold Nye, Kansas Bureau of Investigation agent, as unequivocally stating they had become lovers in the penitentiary, despite a distinct lack of substantial evidence of the events he said that they spent a lot of time up there in the cell, he spent a considerable amount of money bribing the guard to go around the corner , fuelling the fire of this statement Capote was unable to watch Smith be hanged after Hickock, even departing from the building overcome with grief. Already it would appear that perhaps the sympathy that Capote attributed to Smith through his novel was for that of someone he not only related to in sense of misgivings throughout his life, through a sense of being hard done by at every turn with the world against them, but conceivably because of a relationship developed through such misgivings and empathetic feelings that Capote developed towards Smith due to totally understanding his situation and perhaps feeling that in another life he could well have been in his very same position had events gone differently. From the very start of the novel when we first meet Perry Smith he forms the central character of the book. Capote is most interested in the trajectory of Smiths life toward the final, fatal deed, in which he murders the entire clutter family with Hickock, and the people, events, and conditions that shape his course. The problem of whether Smith is condemned from the beginning, or whether perhaps, as Willie Jay ,the chaplains clerk, believed, there was something savable about him, is answered by Capote through his inclusion of letters and sketches written by Smith and others who knew him, who confirm his vicious, off the wall, temper and his yet his dormant sensitivity. Capote purposefully makes clear that Smith is, as Helen Garson illustrated in her book Truman Capote, a strange, psychopathic mixture of vicious killer and compassionate protector which in itself presents a total contrast in emotions, actions and personalities. The idea that Smith is this cold blooded killer but at the same has a very compassionate side is portrayed with rigid regularity by capote with examples being when he placed a pillow under Kenyons (the Clutter boy) head, after performing the ultimate sin, a mattress box under Herb Clutters body, and even somewhat audaciously tucked Bonnie and Nancy Clutter into their beds after tying them. In addition in the book Garson also says how Capote, as narrator, concurs with the observation of psychiatrists he quotes that Smith, in the murder of Herb Clutter, was most likely exacting retribution on a key figure in some past traumatic configuration., even Perry Smith confesses, Maybe its just that the Clutters were the unlucky soles who had to pay for it, the proverbial it in this case being the life that Smith had to endure. Smiths desire for revenge against his abusers is rendered not only understandable but acceptable. In wiping out the Clutters, Smith is extinguishing not only the image and reality of all that he was denied, but the most respectable figures in an emblematically close-knit, vindictive community. Hickock and Smith originally went to prison for petty theft, an unfortunate circumstance that affected in entirety the rest of their lives. The degree of Smith and Hickocks indifference is seen when Hickock turns sharply to hit a dog, instead of simply pass it by, and when Smith explains that he thought Herb Clutter was a very decent, nice man, right up until the moment I cut his throat. Hickock does in fact improve his petty criminal behavior, developing a talent for passing bad checks, bedding married women, and passing in the world of decent humanity, while Smith develops an inconsistent aversion to drinking, indiscriminate sex, and unnecessary theft, although he is gripped with a desire to travel that prevents his commitment to anything that might resemble home or family. Once they had fallen off the generic, automated mechanism of upward mobility toward the american dream, the barriers to re-entry were too high to scale again, and, Capote implies, not interesting to Smith and Hickock. In this Capote is somewhat giving the American society and culture a bashing and using it as a scapegoat for crimes that many would have seen unforgivable. The American dream says anyone can be anything they desire, but all too often it is the ones that fall by the wayside that are more accountable than ones that reach prosperity. In the novel Capote includes letters written by Smiths family, the psychiatrist and befriended chaplains clerk, Willie Jay, which detail Smiths entire life and mental state. Smith is seen from these as a human with genuine intelligence and having a real sense of empathy and social integrity; however over time it has been warped into something quite undistinguishable through his traumatic life. As far as his family life went his mother died of alcoholism at a young age after choking on her sick, his brother and sister later committed suicide and another one of smiths sisters disowned him, never to want contact again (even when news of his execution reaches him she shows no real compassion) . Smith never got a formal education due to moving house regularly with his father, despite this he taught himself to play the guitar and to paint. He often read to increase his vocabulary and was very keen on making something of himself as a young man. During his youth he reads constantly and, being a bit of a prude, avoids vulgar literature and materials. In prison, he paints a portrait of Jesus for the prison chaplain, which leads Reverend Post to believe that Smith cannot be all that bad. Capotes recounting of Smiths childhood and family life begs the question whether Smiths crimes stem from inherent criminal tendencies, or whether he is pushed onto that path through circumstances beyond his control and with this he wants the reader to sympathise with Smith, showing that perhaps if the young man had been afforded the time, and upbringing he deserved then he could have been something very important to the world. This is all put to shame by the fact that murder cannot be forgiven, ho wever, in the circumstances of which Capote paints Smiths upbringing it becomes ever more clear and easier to understand why exactly it is he feels such sympathy for the man and why he paints him in such a positive light. In the novel moments before his death Smith turns to the warden and repents, It would be meaningless to apologize for what I did. Even inappropriate. But I do. I apologize. This is a clear indication perhaps of the man having a conscience, although we see rare glimpses of it thorough I think Capote put this in to leave the final feeling before the execution of his favorite character as one of sympathy on the level that he himself felt towards Smith. The idea that a hardened criminal would apologise and repent is somewhat unlikely and as a result the inclusion of such an act presents Perry Smith not in the light of a criminal but in virginal innocence (at one extreme) as it would seem to onlookers who knew his whole story (like Capote) that he, despite everything he went through, did in fact feel guilt for his actions and perhaps had given up on life too early. To reiterate, Capote argues, none too subtly, that Smith had considerable potential for a productive life had he not been abused and cast out throughout his life. In noting his sympathies for Smith, it is clear that Capote identifies and empathizes with Smith personally. But Capotes questioning of the relevance and righteousness of small-town values and priorities could be his own angry criticism of the world he himself inhabited: a false meritocracy in which his talents were inadequate unless accompanied by a biting, unrelenting charm. Capote depicts the hypocrisy of Smith and Hickocks trial and execution with similar precision; murder by an individual was illegitimate, but murder by the state was an accepted, even necessary means of satisfying a sense of reckoning and restoring order. The book is at the end of the day a criticism of societys handling of its children and its unwillingness to forgive those outside the boundaries of acceptable definition. Capotes portrayal of Smith as the victim of a self-righteous society reveals his own rejection of conformity and his identification with the antagonist anti-hero. Smiths chief fault, Capote believes, is not being a criminal, but attempting to transform the course set by childhood trauma and familial abuse and resist the depiction of himself by others. If Smith is not mentally ill, Capote believes that he has undeveloped violent tendencies, like everyone, which were fed a steady diet by a history of humiliating experiences. Capotes indifference to the sedate, predictable life of the Clutters supports his sympathetic portrayal of Smith. He does not valorise Smith or glorify the Clutters, but he endorses Smiths attempts to escape the stock characterization of problem child, juvenile delinquent, and finally, career crim inal. He does not similarly endorse the Clutters existence: Herb Clutter is a two-dimensional Everyman, icon of the American dream and the Puritan work ethic. To conclude, Capotes identification with Smith exists on several levels. He empathises with Smiths desire to escape his broken family history, to leave behind his horrific roots, and to enter and be accepted in a different social sphere. Capote, like Smith, came from a broken home, had no mother, and longed for celebrity status, or at least to be known. He did not complete his education, barely finishing high school, while Smith left school after the third grade. At the end of his life, Capote had been inducted into the world of fame and high society, but it was a false world of celebrities in which he was only a trophy, fashionable but marginal, and he was ultimately expelled from it for gossiping about them in print. In a sense, his celebrity seemed to make him even more sympathetic to the killers: why should he, also the product of a broken home, an outcast, without a complete formal education, run in such inflated circles while Smith did not? To say that it is inappropriate to sy mpathise with such a person, being a multiple killer though he is, is in the case somewhat understandable. Capote tries to engross the reader into a world far from that which most will have been a part of, but yet a world that exists perhaps almost behind closed doors. He led a hard life, not too dissimilar to Smith and yet he flourished, it shows that one choice or one circumstance can change who we are at any stage, and I think, like I said early, in another life Capote sees himself as being Perry Smith, so he feels empathy towards the man who he construes as potentially himself in a parallel existence.

Free Essays on Autism

around 10 to 14 months. ¡Ã‚ ¨(LDDD) Children with showing signs of autism usually are diagnosis before age 3. Usually receive an exam because their development is speech area aren ¡Ã‚ ¦t usually on track with other kids. Their disabilities in communication and comprehension range from mild to profound. Communication problems such as speech and language vary depending upon the intellectual and social development of the individual. There may be delays or impairments in verbal and nonverbal communication. Autistic children have problems acquiring and using language and relating socially. Those who have verbal language have difficulty developing each of the five components of language: Æ’Ã ¦ Pragmatics- study of the rules and the use of a la... Free Essays on Autism Free Essays on Autism It is generally accepted that autism is caused by abnormalities in brain structures or functions. Using a variety of new research tools to study human and animal brain growth, scientists are discovering more about normal development and thus how abnormalities occur. The brain of a fetus develops throughout pregnancy. Starting out with a few cells, the cells grow and divide until the brain contains billions of specialized cells, called neurons. Research sponsored by NIMH and other components at the Nation Institutes of Health is playing a key role in showing how cells find their way to a specific area of the brain and take on special functions. Once in place, each neuron sends out long fivers that connect with other neurons. In this way, lines of communication are established between various areas of the brain and between the brain and the rest of the body. As each neuron receives a signal it releases chemicals called neurotransmitters, which pass the signal to the next neuron. By birth the bran had evolved into a complex organ with several distinct regions and sub regions, each with a precise set of functions and responsibilities. Brain development, however doesn’t stop at birth. The brain continues to change during the first few years of life, as new neurotransmitters become activated and additions lines of communication are established. Neural networks are forming and creating a foundation for processing language, emotions and thoughts. However, scientists now know that a number of problems may interfere with normal brain development. Cells may migrate to the wrong place in the brain. Or, due to problems with neural pathways or the neurotransmitters, some parts of the communication network may fail to perform. A problem with the communication network may interfere with the overall tasks of coordinating sensory information, thoughts, feelings, and actions. Researchers supported by NIMH and other NIH Institutes ar... Free Essays on Autism Autism Children with autism will grow and can learn, even if it might be at a different development rate than other children. Many professionals in the field of autism agree, developing an appropriate community-base education and treatment program for an individual with autism at an early age is an important step to ensure the child will reach his or her potential. Not to say that older children or adults cannot learn or develop. Autism is a complex developmental disability that typically appears during the first three years of life. The result of a neurological disorder that affects the functioning of the brain, autism and it’s associated behaviors have been estimated to occur in 1 in 500 individuals (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1997). Autism is four times more prevalent in boys than girls and knows no racial, ethnic, or social boundaries. Researcher’s from all over the world are devoting considerable time and energy into finding the answers to the disorder. Although a single specific cause of autism is not known, current research links autism to biological or neurological differences in the brain. In many families there appears to be a pattern of autism or related disabilities- which suggest there is a reason to suspect genetic disorders, although at this time no gene has been directly linked to autism. It has been proven that autism is not a mental illness, it is not unruly kids who choose not to behave , nor is it caused by bad parenting, and it has no been proven to be caused by psychological developments. An accurate diagnosis is based on observation of the individual’s communication , behavior and development. However, because many behaviors are shared by other disorders, various medical tests may be ordered to rule out or identify other possible causes of the symptoms exhibited. Ideally, a child would be evaluated by a team of professional’s to include a neurologist, psychol... Free Essays on Autism Autism often brings to mind a non-verbal, non-emotional, severe behavioral problem child. Some people think that autistic children can not love and can not be loved. This is extremely far from the truth. For one thing everyone can be loved, it’s just up to people to decided if they want to love that person or not. Most people dislike what they don’t understand, and most people haven’t got a clue what autism is. Many different levels of autism exist. No two autistic people are alike: although they may have some of the same symptoms, they all have something unique about them. Teachers and parents wonder whether autistic children should be in regular classrooms or not. They have a lot of questions. For example, teachers wonder if the autistic child will disrupt the class to the point where it’s very hard for them to teach the other students. Parents that have an autistic child have concerns whether or not a regular classroom is going to give their child what they need in order for their child to get the best education that they can. But what most people don’t realize is that all children learn differently than one another (Maurice 35). The main thing is that people need to educate themselves and other people about autism so they can understand it and know whether or not it’s a good thing to have an autistic child in a regular classroom. Autism is a complex developmental disability that typically appears during the first three years of life. It is a result of a neurological disorder that affects the functioning of the brain. â€Å"Autism and its association behaviors have been estimated to occur in as many as 1 in 500 individuals, autism is four times more prevalent in boys as it is in girls and knows no racial, ethnic or social boundaries (Autism Society of America).† This disorder impacts the normal development of the brain in the areas of social interaction and communication skills. â€Å"Children and adults with ... Free Essays on Autism Autism Autism is a complex developmental disability that typically appears during the first three years of life. The result of a neurological disorder that affects the functioning of the brain, autism and its associated behaviors have been estimated to occur in as many as 1 in 500 individuals (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1997). Autism is four times more prevalent in boys than girls (Autism: Basic Information) and knows no racial, ethnic, or social boundaries. Although autism manifests itself at an early age, it doesn’t worsen as a child ages (webofcare.com). Autism impacts the normal development of the brain in the areas of social interaction and communication skills. Children and adults with autism typically have difficulties in verbal and non-verbal communication, social interactions, and leisure or play activities. The disorder makes it hard for them to communicate with others and relate to the outside world. In some cases, aggressive and/or self-injurious behavior may be present. Persons with autism may exhibit repeated body movements (hand flapping, rocking), unusual responses to people or attachments to objects and resistance to changes in routines. Individuals may also experience sensitivities in the five senses of sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste. However, autism isn’t a condition a child will grow out of. â€Å"Autism doesn’t occur because of inadequate parenting. The causes of autism are unknown, therefore prevention isn’t possible† (Autism: Basic Information third edition). Over one half million people in the U.S. today (Autism: Perspective) have autism or some form of pervasive developmental disorder. Its prevalence rate makes autism one of the most common developmental disabilities. Yet most of the public, including many professionals in the medical, educational, and vocational fields, are still unaware of how autism affe cts... Free Essays on Autism Autism By: tony Overview of Autism Autism or PPD (pervasive developmental disorder) is defined by the Columbia encyclopedia as a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by the inability to relate to and perceive the environment in a realistic manner. The onset of the disorder is in infancy or early childhood, generally before the age of thirty months, and males are affected four times as often as females. Symptoms include impairment in social interaction, fixation on inanimate objects, inability to communicate normally, and resistance to changes in daily routine (Anthes, 1997). Characteristics of Autism Diagnosing Autism is based on four characteristics: difficulty with language, abnormal responses to sensory stimuli, resistance to change and difficulty with social interaction. â€Å"Other characteristics of autism may include: making the same repetitive motion for hours, repeating a sound or phrase, inability to hold a conversation, practicing unusual play patterns, and extreme sensitivity to sound and touchà ¢â‚¬  (Riccio, 1999). Autistics can exhibit any combination of these characteristics in any degree. That is why autism is referred to as a â€Å"spectrum† disorder, because at one end of the disorder a child may be inflicted with some symptoms, while at the opposite end a child may be inflicted with multiple symptoms with many areas in between. Children who display few symptoms may be characterized as â€Å"mildly autistic†. Early signs of Autism may appear in the first months of life. Autistic infants tend to stray away from other people, avoiding touch and become limp or stiff when picked up or help. Autistic children don’t reach maturation as fast as normal children. A normal child will point to objects or smile when seeing their mother before the end of their first year, but children with autism develop this behavior much later. These symptoms may go on unnoticed by parents or doctors in infancy, but by the age of two ... Free Essays on Autism Autism Outline Thesis statement: Autism is not nearly as widely known as the familiar Down’s syndrome, yet, surprisingly, autism is far mode widespread†¦. So what is it exactly? I. Definition of autism A. Spectrum disorder B. Communication disorder II. Causes and effects of autism A. Causes 1. Psychological causes 2. Abnormal brain structure 3. Exposure to toxic agents B. Effects 1. Speech disorder 2. Mental retardation 3. High intelligence III. Behavior of autistic individuals A. Indifference B. Repetitive activities C. Loneliness D. Weird actions IV. Treatment and frequency of autism A. Treatment 1. No effective treatment 2. Some hope B. Frequency 1. In the U.S.A 2. Around the globe V. Education of autistic individuals A. Important parents’ role B. Special educational centers. Autism A little girl named Jenny, quietly sits alone in a corner, racking back and forth, humming to herself. Her classmates roam about in a chaotic manner, casually conversing, and inadvertently ignoring the little girl. She never participates in the collective games, but she prefers to play alone. And, if anyone calls her name, she stays totally indifferent as if she has not heard anything. Her behavior was absolutely weird and unexpected comparing to the children in her age†¦ Jenny’s parents begin to wonder: is it just a phase or something more? They learn soon that it is something more†¦ With little more observation than that of what her parents have observed, jenny’s pediatrician decided that she should be tested for autism. As he expected, the test turned out to be positive: Yes, Jenny was an autistic child. She was affected with one of the most serious disorders that plague today’s society. Autism is not nearly as widely known as the familiar Downâ€⠄¢s syndrome, yet, surprisingly, autism is far mode widespread†¦. So what is it exactly? First of all, autism is a condition presen... Free Essays on Autism Autism is a complex developmental disability that typically appears during the first three years of life. This is the result of a neurological disorder that affects the functioning of the brain. Autism is four more times prevalent in boys than girls. Autism shows no racial, ethnic or social boundaries. Family income, lifestyle and educational levels do not affect the chance of autism’s occurrence. Autism and its associated behaviors have been estimated to occur in as many and one in 500 individuals. In this essay, I will discuss the signs and symptoms of autism, types of autism, the diagnosis of autism and studies done on autism. Autism affects the normal development of the brain in the areas of social interaction and communication skills. Children and adults with autism have difficulties in verbal and non-verbal communication, social interactions and leisure or play activities. This disorder makes it hard for them to relate to the outside world. It is hard for them to communicate with others. Aggressive and/or self-injurious behavior may be present in some cases. They may exhibit repeated body movement, such as hand flapping or rocking, unusual responses to people or attachments to objects and resistance to changes in routines. They possibly will experience sensitivities in the five senses of sight, hearing, touch, taste and smell. Children will be within the pervasive development until the ages of 24-30 months, when parents may notice delays in language, play or social interaction. If any of these symptoms occur by themselves, that would not result in a diagnosis of autism. Autism is a combination of several developmental challenges. There are many symptoms of autism. They include: extreme difficulty in learning language, inappropriate response to people, avoiding eye contact, resisting being picked up or cuddled, uncooperative play with other children, extreme hyperactivity and many others. There are five major areas in chi... Free Essays on Autism Autism  ¡Ã‚ §Autism is defined as the brain disorder that begins in early childhood and persists throughout adulthood. It affects three areas of development: verbal and nonverbal communication, social interaction, and creative or imaginative play. ¡Ã‚ ¨ (NIDCD) It is a severe disorder of communication and behavior. It is a developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding what they see, hear and sense. The cause of autism remains unknown. However, according to research from the Illinois Project,  ¡Ã‚ §current theories indicate a problem with the function or structure of the central nervous system. ¡Ã‚ ¨ The Autism Research Institute states that,  ¡Ã‚ §in many cases the disorder is evident during the first 30 months of life. ¡Ã‚ ¨ The biological factors associated with autism are high levels of neurotransmitter serotonin, high amount of peptides, low muscle tone, poor coordination, and abnormal patterns of brain activity. Autistic children typically are normal in appearance and develop well physically. Physically, autistic children may have a flat masked facial expression, because of low muscle tone in the face.  ¡Ã‚ §A child should have their first true meaningful words around 10 to 14 months. ¡Ã‚ ¨(LDDD) Children with showing signs of autism usually are diagnosis before age 3. Usually receive an exam because their development is speech area aren ¡Ã‚ ¦t usually on track with other kids. Their disabilities in communication and comprehension range from mild to profound. Communication problems such as speech and language vary depending upon the intellectual and social development of the individual. There may be delays or impairments in verbal and nonverbal communication. Autistic children have problems acquiring and using language and relating socially. Those who have verbal language have difficulty developing each of the five components of language: Æ’Ã ¦ Pragmatics- study of the rules and the use of a la... Free Essays on Autism Adaptations for Autism 1. Perhaps one of the most important adaptations might be a â€Å"stimulus shelter.† According to Professor Trawick- Smith these are spaces in the classroom where a child can go to get away from environmental stimuli and social interaction (1992). Because individuals with autism often display sensitivity to noises, touching, and light, a shelter may help the child deal with over stimulation. This would also be a â€Å"retreat† from social interaction which might allow the child some much needed time to be alone. It is also important to provide the child frequent opportunities and enough room to move around when necessary. 2. Set up the environment to reduce visual and auditory stimulation for the child when necessary. An example of this might be to place shelves and furniture in a way that creates a barrier from more active and distracting activities and areas. 3. Break cards could be used along with the stimulus shelter. These cards are a visual representation indicating that the child needs a break possibly to ease frustration. The child can hand the card to the teacher to indicate that some down time is needed. 4. Communication boards may be used to assist children that have limited verbal ability. With a board a child is able to point to various pictures to communicate with others 5. Computers can aid children in communication as well as in completing class work when writing and language skills are limited 6. Social Stories is another assistive technology that helps the child learn about social situations and behaviors to use during interaction with others. Social Stories are designed for each individual and are used to help the child with their behavior, as well as helping the child learn how other individuals might respond. An example that is given in the Assistive Technology article is staying in an assigned seat on the bus. The stories are written in a way that is understandable to th... Free Essays on Autism Children with autism will grow and can learn, even if it might be at a different development rate than other children. Many professionals in the field of autism agree, developing an appropriate community-base education and treatment program for an individual with autism at an early age is an important step to ensure the child will reach his or her potential. Not to say that older children or adults cannot learn or develop. Autism is a complex developmental disability that typically appears during the first three years of life. The result of a neurological disorder that affects the functioning of the brain, autism and it’s associated behaviors have been estimated to occur in 1 in 500 individuals (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1997). Autism is four times more prevalent in boys than girls and knows no racial, ethnic, or social boundaries. Researcher’s from all over the world are devoting considerable time and energy into finding the answers to the disorder. Although a single specific cause of autism is not known, current research links autism to biological or neurological differences in the brain. In many families there appears to be a pattern of autism or related disabilities- which suggest there is a reason to suspect genetic disorders, although at this time no gene has been directly linked to autism. It has been proven that autism is not a mental illness, it is not unruly kids who choose not to behave , nor is it caused by bad parenting, and it has no been proven to be caused by psychological developments. An accurate diagnosis is based on observation of the individual’s communication , behavior and development. However, because many behaviors are shared by other disorders, various medical tests may be ordered to rule out or identify other possible causes of the symptoms exhibited. Ideally, a child would be evaluated by a team of professional’s to include a neurologist, psychologist, pedia... Free Essays on Autism Ignorance of sex education has left our society suffering from a variety of venereal diseases, abortions, neglected children, and most chilling death. This issue is a serious problem, not only for our children today, but also for our children of future generations. Sources of education are available almost anywhere, but they are not useful if the go unnoticed. Sex education should begin at home with the parents. Many parents are uncomfotable speaking about subjects like sex with there children, and many times it’s avoided. This is why there needs to be a outside source to help fill this void. Children need to know the bascics such as how to prevent diseases, pregnancy, and the responsibility that comes with sex. Therefore sex education should be a part of the curriculum for children beginign junior high school. Many children in junior high may have heard about sexually tranmitted diseases, but have know real knowledge and do not realize how life threating it could be. Many youths believe that it can never happen to them. Our children should beware of diseases like for example, syphillis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital herpes, and most chilling aids. Informing our children may not always stop them from engaging in sex activites, but it will definity help decrease the chacne of being harmed sexually. Diseases are not all our youths have to worry about. Pregnancy is another major concern. Many teenage woman are getting pregnant everyday and at such young ages. These young woman should very much be informed about brth control. We are not nessecarily giving them permission to go out and have sex, but acctually giving then the option to be safe. If we do not inform them, then we are increasing the risk of our youths getting prgnant. It is the resposnbility of the parents to school our young teens on the responbility of pregnancy and parenting. It is very risky having a baby a a oyung age. Man... Free Essays on Autism Autism Autism is a complex developmental disability that typically appears during the first three years of life. The result of a neurological disorder that affects the functioning of the brain, autism and its associated behaviors have been estimated to occur in as many as 1 in 500 individuals (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1997). Autism is four times more prevalent in boys than girls (Autism: Basic Information) and knows no racial, ethnic, or social boundaries. Although autism manifests itself at an early age, it doesn’t worsen as a child ages (webofcare.com). Autism impacts the normal development of the brain in the areas of social interaction and communication skills. Children and adults with autism typically have difficulties in verbal and non-verbal communication, social interactions, and leisure or play activities. The disorder makes it hard for them to communicate with others and relate to the outside world. In some cases, aggressive and/or self-injurious behavior may be present. Persons with autism may exhibit repeated body movements (hand flapping, rocking), unusual responses to people or attachments to objects and resistance to changes in routines. Individuals may also experience sensitivities in the five senses of sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste. However, autism isn’t a condition a child will grow out of. â€Å"Autism doesn’t occur because of inadequate parenting. The causes of autism are unknown, therefore prevention isn’t possible† (Autism: Basic Information third edition). Over one half million people in the U.S. today (Autism: Perspective) have autism or some form of pervasive developmental disorder. Its prevalence rate makes autism one of the most common developmental disabilities. Yet most of the public, including many professionals in the medical, educational, and vocational fields, are still unaware of how autism affects people and how they can effectively work with individuals with autism...

Tituba and The Salem Witch Trials of 1692

Tituba and The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 Tituba was among the first three people accused of being a witch during the Salem witch trials of 1692. She confessed to witchcraft and accused others. Tituba, also known as Tituba Indian, was a  household slave and servant whose birth and death dates are unknown. Tituba Biography Little is known of Titubas background or even origin. Samuel Parris, later to play a central role in the Salem witch trials of 1692 as the village minister, brought three enslaved persons with him when he came to Massachusetts from New Spain Barbados in the Caribbean. We can guess from the circumstances that Parris obtained ownership of Tituba in Barbados, probably when she was twelve or a few years older. We do not know if he obtained such ownership in settlement of a debt, though that story has been accepted by some. Parris was, at the time he was in New Spain, not yet married and not yet a minister. When Samuel Parris moved to Boston from New Spain, he brought Tituba,  John Indian and a young boy with him as household slaves. In Boston, he married and later became a minister. Tituba served as a housekeeper. In Salem Village Rev. Samuel Parris moved to Salem Village in 1688, a candidate for the position of Salem Village minister. In about 1689, Tituba and John Indian seem to have married. In 1689 Parris was formally called as the minister, given a full deed to the parsonage, and the Salem Village church charter was signed. Tituba would not likely have been directly involved in the growing church conflict involving Rev. Parris. But since the controversy included withholding salary and payment in firewood, and Parris complained about the effect on his family, Tituba probably would also have felt the shortage of firewood and food in the house. She would also have likely been aware of the unrest in the community when raids were launched in New England, starting up again in 1689 (and called King Williams War), with New France using both French soldiers and local Indians to fight against the English colonists. Whether she was aware of the political conflicts around Massachusetts status as a colony is not known. Whether she was aware of Rev. Parris sermons in late 1691 warning of Satans influence in town is also not known, but it seems likely that his fears were known in his household. Afflictions and Accusations Begin In early 1692, three girls with connections to the Parris household began to exhibit strange behavior. One was Elizabeth (Betty) Parris, the nine-year-old daughter of Rev. Parris and his wife. Another was Abigail Williams, age 12, called kinfolk or a niece of Rev. Parris. She may have served as a household servant and a companion to Betty. The third girl was Ann Putnam Jr., who was the daughter of a key supporter of Rev. Parris in the Salem Village church conflict. There is no source before the latter half of the 19th century, including transcripts of testimony in the examinations and trials, that supports the idea that Tituba and the girls who were accusers practiced any magic together. To find out what was causing the afflictions, a local doctor (presumably William Griggs) and a neighboring minister, Rev. John Hale, were called in by Parris. Tituba later testified that she saw visions of the devil and witches swarming. The doctor diagnosed the cause of the afflictions as Evil Hand. A neighbor of the Parris family, Mary Sibley, advised John Indian and possibly Tituba to make a witchs cake to identify the cause of the initial afflictions of Betty Parris and Abigail Williams. The next day, Betty and Abigail named Tituba as a cause of their behavior. Tituba was accused by the young girls of appearing to them (as a spirit), which amounted to an accusation of witchcraft. Tituba was questioned about her role. Rev. Parris beat Tituba to try to get a confession from her. Tituba Arrested and Examined On February 29, 1692, an arrest warrant was issued for Tituba in Salem Town. Arrest warrants were also issued for Sarah Good and Sarah Osborne. All three of the accused were examined the next day at Nathaniel Ingersolls tavern in Salem Village by local magistrates Jonathan Corwin and John Hathorne. In that examination, Tituba confessed, naming both Sarah Osborne and Sarah Good as witches and describing their spectral movements, including meeting with the devil. Sarah Good claimed her innocence but implicated Tituba and Osborne. Tituba was questioned for two more days. Titubas confession, by the rules of the court, kept her from being tried later with others, including those who were eventually found guilty and executed. Tituba apologized for her part, saying she loved Betty and meant her no harm. She included in her confession complicated tales of witchcraft all compatible with English folk beliefs, not voodoo as some have alleged. Tituba herself went into a fit, claiming to be afflicted. After the magistrates finished their examination of Tituba, she was sent to jail. While she was imprisoned, two others accused her of being one of two or three women whose specters theyd seen flying. John Indian, through the trials, also had a number of fits when present for the examination of accused witches. Some have speculated that this was a way of deflecting further suspicion of himself or his wife. Tituba herself is hardly mentioned in the records after her initial arrest, examination, and confession. The Rev. Parris promised to pay the fee to allow Tituba to be released from prison. Under the rules of the colony, similar to rules in England, even someone found innocent had to pay for expenses incurred to imprison and feed them before they could be released. But Tituba recanted her confession, and Parris never paid the fine, presumably in retaliation for her recantation. After the Trials The next spring, the trials ended and various imprisoned individuals were released once their fines were paid. Someone paid seven pounds for Titubas release. Presumably, whoever paid the fine had purchased Tituba from Parris. The same person may have purchased John Indian; they both disappear from all known records after Titubas release. A few histories mention a daughter, Violet, who remained with the Parris family. Tituba in Fiction Arthur Miller includes Tituba in his 1952 play, The Crucible, which uses the Salem witch trials as a metaphor or analogy to 20th century McCarthyism, the pursuit, and blacklisting of accused Communists. Tituba is depicted in Millers drama as initiating witchcraft as play among the girls of Salem Village.In 1964, Ann Petry published Tituba of Salem Village, written for children ten and older.Maryse Condà ©, a French Caribbean writer, published I, Tituba: Black Witch of Salem which argues that Tituba was of black African heritage.   Tituba Bibliography In addition to mentions in the other resources in the general Salem Witch trials bibliography, these references may be especially helpful in learning about Tituba: Elaine Breslaw. Tituba, Reluctant Witch of Salem: Devilish Indians and Puritan Fantasies. 1996.Chadwick Hansen. The Metamorphosis of Tituba, or Why American Intellectuals Cant Tell an Indian Witch from a Negro. The New England Quarterly, March 1974.Bernard Rosenthal. Titubas Story. The New England Quarterly, June 1998.Bernard Rosenthal. Dark Eve. Spellbound: Women and Witchcraft in America. Edited by Elizabeth Ries. 1998.

Virtual Team success Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Virtual Team success - Term Paper Example Virtual teams have objectives similar to the traditional teams, however they use different infrastructure as compared to traditional project teams. In this scenario, they perform their tasks without having the limitations of time, organizational boundaries and geographical locations associated with communication technologies. (Casey & Richardson, 2006) define virtual team as â€Å"a team whose associates make use of the technologies such as the Intranet, Intranets, Extranets and a wide variety of other networks to coordinate, communicate and collaborate with each other on work tasks and projects even if they can carry out their tasks in different geographical regions as well as away from organizations.† Thus, the virtual team is considered as contradictory from the traditional team due to the fact that its members are located across geographical regions. Additionally, virtual teams are normally implemented and managed in multilingual and multicultural surroundings, which can b e away from organizational boundaries (Casey & Richardson, 2006; Gould, 2006; DeRosa & Lepsinger, 2010). In addition, a virtual team is normally composed of people who work from home or any other location however this is not for all time the case. Virtual team associates can work in offices also. There are a numerous reasons why virtual teams are turning out to be so popular these days. The basic reason is the reality that we live in the information age, as different to the industrial age. In view of the fact that the information travels at the speed of light, and those who have access to the most modern and fastest communication and collaboration technologies are capable to send data quickly. The capability to transmit data and information at fast speeds, combined with the power of the web, has caused the formation of "virtual corporations." However, the most influential aspect of the virtual team is that it is not limited to their physical location (Exforsys Inc., 2009). This paper presents an overview of virtual teams. The basic purpose of this research is to analyze some of the impo rtant aspects that are associated with virtual teams such as working, communication, collaboration, operational model, performance enhancement aspects and so on. Why Virtual Teams are Effective? Information technology (IT) has presented a wonderful support required to deal with the advancement of new organizational forms. The concept of a virtual team is a practical example of such organizational form. A virtual team can transform and modernize the infrastructure of the place of work as well as provide the organization with extraordinary levels of power and awareness. In view of the